a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by

Clearly defined training objectives that the student understands are essential to the teaching process regardless of the teaching technique used, Research into how people learn has led many experts to recommend ways to present lessons that keep the attention of a class. What Does a Flight Instructor Do? - Zippia For example, the instructor in the opening scenario is an aviation maintenance SME, Effective instructors are not only knowledgeable about aviation, they are also knowledgeable about teaching. Major airlines have highlevel flight simulators that are so realistic that transitioning crews meet all qualifications in the flight simulator. Picturesque slang and free-and-easy colloquialisms, if they suit the subject, can add variety and vividness to a teaching lecture. By using a lecture in this way, the instructor can offer students with varied backgrounds a common understanding of essential principles and facts. Many scenarios were coupled to the maneuver until the student not only had the requisite skills, but also related them to many conditions where they would be needed. Since the student must remove the position light, install a power supply, and also install the tail strobe light, he or she needs to make several decisions that effect the final weight and balance of the aircraft. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by A major advantage of CDs and DVDs is the capability to store enormous amounts of information. The instructor should avoid the temptation to use the aids as a crutch. That may mean the instructor needs to initiate leading questions, referee if the discussions cause conflict, ensure that all students participate, and at the end summarize what has been learned, Tying the discussion method into the lecture method not only provides active student participation, it also allows students to develop higher order thinking skills (HOTS). After the presentation, the instructor should allow time for questions and a summary of key points, Computer-generated slide shows have changed the way information is presented to todays student. This is a good indication that the original version was confusing to that person. The following practices are fundamental in the use of the chalk or marker board: Keep chalk, markers, erasers, cleaning cloths, rulers, and related items readily available to avoid interruption of the presentation, Organize and practice the chalk or marker board presentation in advance, Write or draw large enough for everyone in the group to see, Leave a margin around the material and sufficient space between lines of copy so the board is not overcrowded, Make only one point at a time. Content validity means that a particular maneuver or procedure closely mimics what is required. It is important that students be given an opportunity to perform the skill as soon as possible after a demonstration. A model is a copy of a real object. The traditional organization of a lesson plan is introduction, development, and conclusion, The introduction sets the stage for everything to come. While test preparation materials may be effective in preparing students for FAA tests, the danger is that students may learn to pass a given test, but fail to learn other critical information essential to safe piloting and maintenance practices. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by [Figure 4-4], The description of the skill or behavior explains the desired outcome of the instruction. Learning evolves as a result of the students interactions with the game, and these games usually promote the development of critical thinking skills, Not every aviation learning objective can be delivered via this teaching method, but it should prove to be a useful tool in the instructors tool box as the number and content of educational games increase, Cooperative or group learning organizes students into small groups who can work together to maximize their own and each others learning. how to chair a board meeting script. Instructional aids can help them do this. We've gotten all sophisticated over the years and refer to that sort of thing as flight maneuvering tasks. Faulty habits are difficult to correct and must be addressed as soon as possible. Effective case studies require the student to use critical thinking skills, An excellent source of real-world case studies for flight instructors can be found at the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) where descriptions of more than 140,000 aviation accidents are located. Well-designed interactive video, when properly used, is highly effective as an instructional aid. Throughout the time the instructor prepares the students for their discussion, they should be made aware of the lesson objective(s). Lectures can be used to present information that would be difficult for the students to get in other ways, particularly if the students do not have the time required for research, or if they do not have access to reference material. For example, in concluding a discussion on density altitude, an instructor might give a fairly complete description of an accident which occurred due to a pilot attempting to take off in an overloaded airplane from a short runway at a high-altitude airport on a hot day, The summary should be succinct, but not incomplete. An effective instructor uses a combination of teaching methods as well as instructional aids to achieve this goal. Finally, lectures may be combined with other teaching methods to give added meaning and direction, The lecture method of teaching needs to be very flexible since it may be used in different ways. Sarcasm and/or ridicule should never be used, since they inhibit the spontaneity of the participants. However, the instructor provides the answer to the rhetorical question. With elearning, sophisticated databases can organize vast amounts of information that can be quickly sorted, searched, found, and cross-indexed, Due to the active nature of e-learning, the overall learning process is enhanced in several ways. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by The instructor usually shows these primary relationships by developing the main points in one of the following ways: from past to present, simple to complex, known to unknown, and most frequently used to least used, In this pattern of development, the subject matter is arranged chronologically, from the present to the past or from the past to the present. capicola pronounce gabagool; another name for tempering is aviation; rensselaer polytechnic institute notable alumni; bic lighters in bulk; great destinations gymnastics meet 2022 The reasons for using a follow-up question may vary. They also tend to watch movies or TV in a passive way without attempting to absorb what they are seeing and hearing. This complex process is enhanced by the use of appropriate instructional aids that highlight and emphasize the main points or concepts, The working or short-term memory functions are limited by both time and capacity. In a typical lesson, an effective instructor normally uses a combination of methods. The primary consideration in the lecture method, as in all other teaching methods, is the achievement of desired learning outcomes. It is actually a learned capability, which may be defined as knowledge, a skill, or an attitude. This review and wrap-up of ideas reinforces student learning and improves the retention of what has been learned. In many cases, this type of supplemental training media may be reproduced in a format for projection on a screen or other clear surface, Charts, diagrams, and graphs include any printed material which gives information in tabular form. Whatever the setting, instructors need to learn how to effectively use them, For many years, educators have theorized about how the human brain and the memory function during the communicative process. 14 CFR 61.183 - LII / Legal Information Institute Applicants must be able to read the examination questions in either English or French without assistance. A typical system consists of a CD or DVD and a computer. Instructors should avoid questions that can be answered by short factual statements or yes or no responses and ask open-ended questions that are thought provoking and require more mental activity. For example, the instructor may talk about an occurrence where the knowledge in the lesson was applied. The following paragraph is an example of one such accident, "The private pilot was on a visual flight rules (VFR) crosscountry flight when he began encountering instrument conditions. An effective instructor possesses a strong motivation to teach, as well as a positive attitude toward learning. The pilot did not report any mechanical deficiencies with the airplane during the attempted approaches. The pilot attempted four unsuccessful approaches with the controllers talking him through each approach. They can explore areas that interest them and discover more about a subject on their own. These steps contribute to a positive learning environment, Another management skill that enhances the effectiveness of aviation instructors is supervision of the students. Just as the technician uses some tools more than others, the instructor uses some methods more often than others. Criterion validity means that the completion standards for the test are reflective of acceptable standards, For example, in flight training, content validity is reflected by a particular maneuver closely mimicking a maneuver required in actual flight, such as the student pilot being able to recover from a power-off stall. Everyone has the opportunity to comment, listen, think, and participate. The controller directed the pilot to two different nearby airports, but both were below minimums. As discussed in Chapter 1, Human Behavior, the average age of aviation students is 34 years old. A customer wants a tail strobe light installed on his Piper Cherokee 180. It is a realistic situation that allows the student to rehearse mentally for a situation and requires practical application of various bits of knowledge. Just as a student can reread a section in a text, a student can review portions of a CAL program until it is understood. To be an effective instructor, it is important to determine which teaching methods best convey the information being taught, In the lecture method, the instructor delivers his knowledge via lectures to students who are more or less silent participants. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability bymass effect andromeda truth and trespass bug 03/06/2022 / brinks robbery weather underground / en elliot williams cnn education / por / brinks robbery weather underground / en elliot williams cnn education / por Measured in number of people in the profession, teaching is one of the worlds largest professions. As mentioned earlier, possession of a high level of technical knowledge does not equate to the ability to teach it. It is extremely expensive, and versions with a head-mounted display sometimes produce unfavorable side effects, For those engaged in aviation training, the challenge is staying abreast of technological changes that apply to training and adopting those that are the most useful and cost effective. In the previous example, the criteria may include that navigation from point A to point B be accomplished within 5 minutes of the preplanned flight time and that en route altitude be maintained within 200 feet. Students in these centers are often monitored by a teachers aide or other trained personnel who can provide guidance, answer questions, and act as a conduit to the instructor who is responsible for the training. Meaningful transition from one main point to another keeps the students oriented, aware of where they have been, and where they are going. Research indicates that students completing cooperative learning group tasks tend to have higher test scores, higher self-esteem, improved social skills, and greater comprehension of the subjects they are studying. Often, instructors must improvise and adapt to the existing circumstances in order to incorporate quality instructional aids, Some of the most common and economical aids are chalk or marker boards, and supplemental print materials, including charts, diagrams, and graphs. [Figure 4-7], The purpose of the motivation element is to offer the students specific reasons why the lesson content is important to know, understand, apply, or perform concepts of Thorndikes law of readiness. It should be noted that PTS and O&P standards are limited to the most critical job tasks. All aviation instructors shoulder an enormous responsibility because their students will ultimately be flying, servicing, or repairing aircraft, but flight instructors have the additional responsibilities of evaluating student pilots and making a decision of when they are ready to solo. [Figure 4-17], In practice, the choice of instructional aids depends on several factors. For example, in developing a lesson on heading indicators, the instructor could begin with a discussion of the vacuumdriven heading indicator before proceeding to a description of the radio magnetic indicator (RMI), In some subjects, certain information or concepts are common to all who use the material. For example, voicerecognition technology, which lets computers accept spoken rather than keyed input, is highly effective for technical training, Miniature electro-optical devices allow computer-aided information to be projected electronically on sunglass-style eye wear which is connected to a lightweight, belt mounted computer. Moreover, the student should feel a personal responsibility to contribute. This change is measurable and therefore can be assessed, Assessment of learning is a complex process and it is important to be clear about the purposes of the assessment. Within seconds, what is perceived as the most important information is passed to the working or short-term memory where it is processed for possible storage in the long-term memory. Regardless of the teaching or training delivery method used, the teaching process remains the same. Refer to Chapter 6, Planning Instructional Activity, for detailed information on requirements for an aviation training syllabus and the building-block concept for curriculum development, The main concern of the instructor is usually the more manageable task of organizing a block of training with integrated lesson plans. Perhaps the most significant characteristic of group learning is that it continually requires active participation of the student in the learning process, In spite of its advantages, success with cooperative or group learning depends on conditions and controls. Understanding these distinctions helps the instructor become a more skilled user of questions, The instructor often uses a question to open up an area for discussion. Questions can be categorized by function and by characteristics. For example, collaborative, student-led, instructor-led, or working group strategies are alternatives to a pure form of group learning. In some school situations, the designers of the curriculum determine the use of instructional aids. For the flight instructor, this may entail overseeing the preflight procedures. The selection of a graph for use in any given situation depends upon the type of information the instructor wants to convey, Charts, diagrams, and graphs can be used effectively to show relationships, chronological changes, distributions, components, and flow. making each lesson a pleasurable experience. In addition to its uses as a summary and transitional device, the interim summary may also be used to keep the group on the subject or to divert the discussion to another member, A guided discussion is closed by summarizing the material covered. In these examples, the student leader or the instructor serves as a coach or facilitator who interacts with the group, as necessary, to keep it on track or to encourage everyone in the group to participate, Best used for the mastery of mental or physical skills that require practice, the demonstration-performance method is based on the principle that people "learn by doing." HOTS should be taught throughout the curriculum from simple to complex and from concrete to abstract, Determine learning outcomes for the problem, Consider additional solutions through guided discovery, Reevaluate solution with additional options, Reflect on this solution and why it is the best solution, Consider what "best" means (is it situational), While there are many variations as to how a problem-based lesson might work, it usually involves an incentive or need to solve the problem, a decision on how to find a solution, a possible solution, an explanation for the reasons used to reach that solution, and then reflection on the solution. In the teaching lecture, the instructor must develop a keen perception for subtle responses from the classfacial expressions, manner of taking notes, and apparent interest or disinterest in the lesson. The instructor provides assistance when needed, but he or she needs to remember that learning to solve the problem or task without assistance is part of the learning process. The instructor should consider that the student may neither believe nor understand any point without the use of testimony from SMEs or without meaningful examples, statistics, or comparisons. If, due to some unanticipated circumstances, the demonstration does not closely conform to the explanation, this deviation should be immediately acknowledged and explained, Because these two phases, which involve separate actions, are performed concurrently, they are discussed here under a single heading. Because the exact words to express an idea are spontaneous, the lecture is more personalized than one that is read or spoken from memory, Since the instructor talks directly to the students, their reactions can be readily observed, and adjustments can be made based on their responses. Instructional aids should also be reviewed to determine whether their use is feasible in the training environment and whether they are appropriate for the students. The introduction should include an attention element, a motivation element, and an overview of key points. Once the class has mastered the ability to compute weight and balance, Bob decides to give them the following scenario with the objective of teaching them how to reconfigure weight and balance in the real world. The instructor must determine the method to be used in developing the subject matter. Who trains the trainers? Gamification of flight instructor learning in Sequencing can be emphasized and made clearer by the use of contrasting colors, The effectiveness of aids and the ease of their preparation can be increased by initially planning them in rough draft form. Manage and monitor all flight systems and electrical in-flight . These programs typically allow the students to select a test, complete the questions, and find out how they did on the test. Many of the limitations of the overhead projector are also true of the opaque projector, CDs and DVDs are todays popular video instructional aids. This allows the student to make decisions that fit his or her experience level and result in positive outcomes. The plan should include all key points that need to be covered. Accident data is available at NTSBs Aviation Accident Database & Synopses at www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/query.asp/, Electronic learning or e-learning has become an umbrella term for any type of education that involves an electronic component such as the Internet, a network, a stand-alone computer, CD/DVDs, video conferencing, websites, or email in its delivery. The desired learning outcomes should stem from the objective, Conduct adequate research to become familiar with the topic. This might be someone saying, "But, what if ?" [Figure 4-16], Good instructional aids also can help solve certain language barrier problems. After the discussion develops, the instructor may ask a follow-up question to guide the discussion. An instructor should write performance-based objectives to fit the desired outcome of the lesson. An interim summary reinforces learning in relation to a specific learning outcome. An instructor should also be patient and give students a chance to react. The instructor also can write on a blank transparency as the lesson progresses, much like a chalk or marker board. It is used for study, training, or testing in place of the real object, which is too costly or too dangerous, or which is impossible to obtain. Instructional aids are not selfsupporting; they support, supplement, or reinforce what is being taught. The main concern is to gain the attention of everyone and concentrate on the subject. One way to increase retention during a lecture is to use the discussion method of training delivery, The discussion method modifies the pure lecture form by using lecture and then discussion to actively integrate the student into the learning process. They are essential for reporting complicated information. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by As indicated in chapter 2, standards for the level of learning in the cognitive and psychomotor domains are easily established. ), Select a topic the students can profitably discuss. Instructors should also try to prepare students for viewing CD/DVD programs by telling them what to watch carefully, what is important or, possibly, what is incorrect. Therefore, it is essential that the information be arranged in useful bits or chunks for effective coding, rehearsal, or recording. The benefit of PBL lies in helping the learner gain a deeper understanding of the information and in the learner improving his or her ability to recall the information. Quiz 6 - Instructor's Responsibilities and Professionalism Revisions and alterations are easier to make at that time than after their completion. By being well prepared, an effective instructor presents and applies lesson material, and also periodically assesses how well the learner is learning. 108/5 1 . . . 70160 E-learning can be as basic as an online college course taken via e-mail or as sophisticated as refining flight techniques in a helicopter simulator, Time flexible, cost competitive, learner centered, easily updated, accessible anytime, and anywhere, e-learning has many advantages that make it a popular addition to the field of education. An effective aviation instructor uses the maneuver-based approach of the PTS but presents the objectives in a scenario situation, It has been found that flight students using SBT methods demonstrate stick-and-rudder skills equal to or better than students trained under the maneuver-based approach only. +44 (0)7540 787812 frances@constructionandbuildingphotography.com. Efforts in this area pay great dividends in terms of quality of instruction. Leadoff questions should usually begin with how or why. This preparation should start well in advance of the presentation. In addition, instructors should be available to summarize the presentation and answer any questions students may have regarding content, "Interactive" refers broadly to computer software that responds quickly to certain choices and commands by the user. C. cannot accept the real reasons for their behavior. He or she maintains currency in the subject matter being taught, as well as how to teach it by reading professional journals and other aviation publications, many of which can be viewed or purchased via the Internet, another source of valuable aviation information for professional instructors, As students advance, consider having them teach a topic to the instructor, to demonstrate their understanding and force them to dig deep into the details. Students become more involved in their own learning, and instructors may no longer occupy a center-stage position in a typical classroom setting. Next, explain and demonstrate the steps involved in performing the skill being taught. This actually gives the instructor more time for one-on-one teaching. The instructor must logically organize the material to show the relationships of the main points. For the maintenance instructor, this may mean monitoring the replacement of a carburetor. The goal might be a certificate of completion, graduation, or an academic degree. Careful preparation is one key to successful performance as a classroom lecturer. Review and assessment are integral parts of each classroom, and/or flight lesson. Rather, flight maneuvers are integrated into the flight training scenarios and conducted as they would occur in the real world. The instructor can tailor the presentation for the class and also include graphics at appropriate points. The examiner also is required to assign a practical project from each subject area. A wireless mouse can be used to activate the slide changes from anywhere in the room, Another convenient and cost effective instructional aid is the overhead transparency and projector. Communication, discussed in Chapter 3, Effective Communication, underlies people skills.